Understanding the Cuban American Culture - 1652 Words

Miami Florida has the biggest Latin population than any other city in the United States. The majority of Latins being of Cuban descent. Since the Cuban revolution there have been constant waves of immigrating Cubans to Miami. The result has been a Cuban American society that has created culture diversity within. In order to understand the Cuban American culture you must understand its ethnic origin, politics, and the varying times of immigration. CUBAS ETHNIC ROOTS AND ORIGINS The Cuban population consists of a variety of ethnic origins. In the early days before the Spanish inhabited Cuba the population was made up of 90% Taino speaking American Indians ho had displaced even earlier inhabitants. Shortly after came the Spanish conquest.†¦show more content†¦Soviet economic and military support was crucial for Cuba. Soviet movements often aroused strong disagreement from the United States. In 1962 the Soviet Union installed nuclear missile bases in Cuba, the world stood at the brink of nuclear war as the U.S. government set up a naval blockade of the island and demanded they remove the missiles. This was known as The Cuban missile crisis. Cuban-Soviet relations slowly deteriorated as Soviet political, economic, and social policies were liberalized in the late 80s. The Cuban government refused to modify its approach to social and economic policy. In 1991 the Soviet Union dissolved and withdrew its troops and its economic support. The already troubled Cuban economy suffered further from the loss of vital military and economic support. With severe shortages, unrest and dissatisfaction growing, Castro declared a special period in peacetime of food rationing and energy conservation. Shortages of food, fuel, and medical supplies were intensified by the ongoing U.S. trade embargo in Cuba. Aware of Chinas success with a more capitalistic limited market, Castro decided to experiment with capitalism. In 1993, he granted Cubans limited freedom to open small for profit businesses and allow foreign tourism, including U.S dollars. But economic reform bred demand for political reforms. In 2003, Castro jailed many members from the Varela Project. A group who petitioned for political reform,Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Verbal And Nonverbal Communication1421 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationships, families, organizations, cultures and nations (Vertino, 2014). A nurse must provide care that treats the whole person, not just the physical body. This concept is known as holistic care (Blair, n.d.). No two people are exactly the same, and for this reason, nurses cannot approach or perform care in a â€Å"one size fits all† method. Communication is comprised of two components, verbal and nonverbal communication. 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This paper will explore the nontraditional beliefs and p ractices among three cultures including, Cuban, Filipino and Haitian, including theRead MoreThe First Name Of The Child1574 Words   |  7 Pages(Name Yvelisse, 2014). In addition to that, â€Å"the child’s middle name is a form of the American name, Jamila which is also heard in Spanish speaking countries but is of Arabic, Spanish, and Swahili origins† (Name Yamile, 2013). Yvelisse’s mother’s last name is Rodriguez while her father’s last name is Garcia de Luz. When her parents got married, her mother dropped her last name. Yvelisse’s race/ethnicity is Cuban as both her parents were born in Cuba. Her father was born in the early 70s in the capitalRead MoreEssay about Education Challenges Facing Hispanics in the United States1413 Words   |  6 Pagesrelate to education: language barriers, poverty, cultural representation, and problem schools. 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Chemotherapy Understanding the Basics Free Essays

There are many ways to give chemotherapy; as an IV where medication is put into he body using veins (usually in your arm), or as a catheter, or an IV that stays in a blood vessel in your chest, so a normal IV doesn’t have to stay stuck in your arm. More ways that chemo can be given are pills, capsules, or liquids, shots into the muscle and skin, or as an injection into an area below the spinal cord. Places to give chemotherapy are hospitals, cancer centers, doctor’s offices, and at home. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemotherapy: Understanding the Basics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many patients receive chemo in hospitals and clinics, while others may need to stay in a hospital so doctors can look over them. Chemo may be given at different times such as every day, every week, or every month. Between treatments the patient needs time to rest. Undergoing chemo might have uncomfortable side effects caused by the medications, the amount taken, and the general health of the patient. Most side effects don’t last long because the healthy cells multiply and side effects eventually go away. Cancer patients get lots of TTL (tender, love, and care), like lots of food and water, physical therapy, medicines, etc. This type of care helps patients get through treatments and avoid side effects such as nausea and vomiting. This most common effect of chemo Is fatigue. Tiredness can last for days, weeks, or months, but It eventually goes away once the treatment Is over. Rest can assist the body to recover from chemo. Short-term side effects caused by chemo are stomach problems Like not being hungry, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Some drugs used In chemotherapy might cause problems that bother or harm the bladder or kidneys. Another Issue caused by chemo Is brief depression and confusion, which should disappear when treatment Is finished. More side effects can be blood disorders Like anemia and blood clotting. Any organ Like the heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, and liver can be affected by chemo for a long period of time. Factors Like the type of drug and/or chemo and whether the patient was treated with radiation at the same time he or she was receiving the treatment may cause a higher risk of cancer later on. It can be hard to deal with cancer and cancer treatment. Even If the side effects are uncomfortable, It’s Important to make the patient happy and ensure that chemo Is administered. Chemotherapy: Understanding the Basics By accepted effect of chemo is fatigue. Tiredness can last for days, weeks, or months, but it eventually goes away once the treatment is over. Rest can assist the body to recover Short-term side effects caused by chemo are stomach problems like not being hungry, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Some drugs used in Another issue caused by chemo is brief depression and confusion, which should sappier when treatment is finished. More side effects can be blood disorders like Any organ like the heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, and liver can be affected by chemo for a long period of time. Factors like the type of drug and/or chemo and whether the patient was treated with radiation at the same time he or she was receiving the It can be hard to deal with cancer and cancer treatment. Even if the side effects are uncomfortable, it’s important to make the patient happy and ensure that chemo is administered. How to cite Chemotherapy: Understanding the Basics, Papers

Simplify tour speech free essay sample

Simplify the science speech These short speeches (60-120 seconds) are sometimes called elevator speeches (the speech is short enough to deliver during an elevator ride) or quick pitches (when focused on a product). It is useful to be able to summarize science Information for those impromptu meetings with other professionals, potential clients, family members and friends. Your will deliver a short speech about biotechnology targeting a general audience. The topic Is an aspect of your Job In the biotech Industry or a process used in the field of biotechnology. As you think about your topic, make sure to use your general purpose (Inform), end goal and understanding of the target audience to determine the scope of content. The delivery medium will be one-to- many, In person oral speech. The speech should have three brief parts: Introduction-?Start with something Interesting (attention getter). Be sure to Include your name and Job title or position (If relevant to your topic). We will write a custom essay sample on Simplify tour speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Body-? Describe one thing you do in your job (or what the process is) and a potential application, benefit or relevance for the audience. E a comparison and other concrete support (examples, statistics) to help your audience understand the topic. Conclusion-?Make sure to provide a next step such as indicating how the person can get in touch with you. Prepare a final statement so you dont flounder and tack on something like thats it or thanks. Dont overwhelm audience with too much information, present just enough to create a positive impression. Practice out loud and in front of other people several times to increase your familiarity with the content and confidence in successfully communicating your chosen message.Youth has lots of samples (elevator pitches, elevator speeches, quick pitches). A simple but effective example can be found at http://youth. Be/flipping This link is is also posted to cougar courses, along with a short descriptive article. To document your content decisions, please create a preparation outline with all three parts (intro, body, conclusion). Submit the outline at the time you give your presentation (The outline is not your speaking notes. ) The outline should follow the conventions discussed in the outlining readings.

Section 5 Essay Example

Section 5 Paper †¢ What is a trophic state of a water body, and what factors influence this state? †¦? Factors influencing are P, Chlorophyll, and turbidity.Temperature, pH, sediment load, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, metalsOligotrophic: BlueEutrophic: GreenMesotrophic: In between. †¢ What factors affect the temperature of a water body? Water upstream, ground water vs. surface run off. †¢ What factors affect the pH of a water body? Acids and bases. Inputs and by alkalinity and acid neutralizing capacity. †¢ What factors affect the dissolved oxygen of a water body? Affected by temperature, altitude, turbulence, and partial pressure in the dissolved phase (autotrophs). Oxygenating bodies increases degradation of organic matter load and can be applied as a restoration technique. †¢ How can high sediment load impair water quality? It delivers nutrients and toxins, shade water columns, fills pore space, water temperature, habitat†¦? †¢ Which two elements are â€Å"nutrients†, and what are sources of these nutrients to water bodies? Nitrogen and Phosphorous – most commonly limit growth of aquatic plants and algae. Sources: Natural fixation, fertilized, fossil fuel combustion. †¢ Define eutrophication, and list some of its harmful consequences. Process where water bodies receive excess nutrients that stimulate excessive plant growth. Negative effects can include hypoxia (depletion of oxygen in the water†¦ can result in reductions in fish and other animal populations). Excessive algae, their death results in depletion of oxygen in water.

Literary Analysis of Bartleby the Scrivener Essay Essay Example

Literary Analysis of Bartleby the Scrivener Essay Essay Example Literary Analysis of Bartleby the Scrivener Essay Paper Literary Analysis of Bartleby the Scrivener Essay Paper Essay Topic: Bartleby the Scrivener Benito Cereno Jorge Borges Short Stories Bartleby the Scrivener could be described as a narrative about acquiring rid of its rubric character. about the narrator’s effort to acquire rid of Bartleby. and Bartleby’s retentive capacity to be ever at that place. It is the narrative of an nameless attorney and his employee. Bartleby. a scribe of jurisprudence paperss. Confronted non merely with Bartleby’s refusal to make work ( first to â€Å"read† transcripts against the original. so to copy wholly ) . but besides with the contagious nature of the peculiar words of his refusal ( Bartleby’s peculiar â€Å"I would prefer non to† ) . the storyteller concludes that. before Bartleby â€Å"turns the tongues† any further of those with whom he comes into contact. he â€Å"must acquire rid of† Bartleby. At the same clip Bartleby feels â€Å"mobbed in his privacy† ( 27 ) when the other office workers crowd him behind his screen. they in bend are invaded by his idiosyncrasy – his private parlance â€Å"prefer. † Bartleby’s presence interruptions down the clear differentiations between public and private. professional and domestic. between â€Å"privacy† and â€Å"the rabble. † By nailing Bartleby as the â€Å"cause† of infective linguistic communication ( linguistic communication â€Å"turned† bad ) . the storyteller wants to halt the class of a procedure ( the â€Å"turning of tongues† ) already in advancement. But acquiring rid of Bartleby is every bit slippery as acquiring rid of a chronic status ; the storyteller emphasizes a phrase which appears textually in italics: â€Å"he was ever there† ( 20 ) . Bartleby is. as the storyteller calls him. a â€Å"nuisance† ( 40 ) . an â€Å"intolerable incubus. † As a character in the narrative with a organic structure. he moves really small. but the few words he speaks interrupt out at unexpected minutes in the office. Every effort the storyteller makes to command the inactive Bartleby and his infective linguistic communication fails uproariously ( Schehr 97 ) . The storyteller experiences a funny tenseness between the impossible jussive mood ( on the degree of the narrative ) to acquire rid of the topic. and the impossibleness ( on the degree of the narrative ) to compose his complete life ( Bartleby’s â€Å"history† ) . Therefore. Bartleby is besides a fable about composing history or life. In trying to compose what he thinks of as Bartleby’s life. the storyteller simply misnames his authorship undertaking. or he emphasizes it from the incorrect point of position. In hunt of Bartleby’s beginnings. the storyteller does non merely narrate ( as he thinks ) the history of Bartleby the Scrivener ; he relates instead the narrative of his ain anxiousness vis-a-vis Bartleby. In peculiar. he relates his anxiousness over the scrivener’s silence – and manners of interrupting that silence ; for we could state that. instead than talking really small or in peculiar ways. Bartleby has peculiar ways of on occasion interrupting silence. It is this force in address. this unexpected eruption. which the storyteller frights. The storyteller. whose familiarities describe him as an â€Å"eminently safe adult male. † who likes nil better than the â€Å"cool repose of a cubby retreat† ( 4 ) . is thrown unquestionably off kelter when faced with what he footings Bartleby’s â€Å"passive resistance† ( 17 ) . Bartleby’s arm is his entire indifference to truth. whereas the storyteller seeks a 2nd sentiment on truth from the other office couples. Bartleby could be seen as the one solid block around which the storyteller writes his ain narrative about truth instead than the truth about the Bartleby narrative. Bartleby’s inactive opposition really generates the narrative - confronted with it. the storyteller creates theories ( his philosophy of premises. for case ) . carries on arguments with himself. and seeks the advocate of others - all with the opaque Bartleby as the nucleus. In retracing Bartleby’s narrative. the storyteller follows an inexplicit logic which he neer straight states. It is the logic of cause and consequence. ( He is non intentionally concealing this logic. but because he takes its cogency for granted. he neer remarks on it critically. ) Believing in the possibility of happening a particular. locatable. and nameable cause to Bartleby’s status ( as he is able to make with the other office workers. Childs and Turkey. whose tempers vary harmonizing to their diets and the clip of twenty-four hours ) . the storyteller thinks that by eliminating the cause of the job. he can change the effects. the effects of Bartleby’s talking status in the office infinite. McCall follows the same logic as the storyteller in seeking causes of Bartleby’s behaviour. He mentions comment that when the storyteller asks Bartleby to run an errand for him at the station office. â€Å"that is likely the last topographic point. if the rumour is right. that Bartleby would of all time desire to travel. † ( McCall 129 ) . The storyteller neer considers that his line of concluding might be defective - that Bartleby’s status may non be linked to a particular. locatable. nameable cause. We as readers may be placed in the same place as the storyteller in that we neer know either the beginning of Bartleby’s status ; we witness chiefly its effects. or symptoms. in the narrative. These symptoms reside non merely in Bartleby as single character. but in the very manner the storyteller tells the narrative about that character. Rather than talking about the cause of Bartleby’s status. one could more competently talk about the ways in which its effects are spread to other characters within the text. When the storyteller impatiently biddings Bartleby to fall in and assist the others in the scenario of group reading. Bartleby responds. â€Å"I would prefer non to† ( 14 ) . Hearing this response the storyteller turns â€Å"into a pillar of salt† ( 14 ) . ( Faced with Bartleby’s responses and sheer presence. the storyteller oftentimes evokes images of his losing. so waking to. consciousness. ) When he recovers his senses. he tries to ground with Bartleby. who in the interim has retreated behind his screen. The storyteller says: â€Å"These are your ain transcripts we are about to analyze. It is labour salvaging to you. because one scrutiny will reply for your four documents. It is common use. Every scribe is bound to assist analyze his transcript. Is it non so? Will you non talk? Answer! † ( 15 ) The storyteller is exasperated when Bartleby does non react instantly to the logic behind his work ethic. â€Å"These are your ain transcripts we are about to analyze. It is labour salvaging to you. † Examining or reading transcript is a money salvaging activity. from which every member of the office net incomes ( four paperss for the monetary value of one reading! ) . â€Å"Every scribe is bound to assist analyze his transcript. † To the contract the attorney decidedly demands from his employee. a bond based on an exchange of reading. Bartleby replies three times. gently. â€Å"in a flutelike tone. † â€Å"I ( would ) prefer non to† ( 15 ) . By declining to read transcript. Bartleby refuses to accept to the economic system of the office. It is possibly merely to another type of reading. one non based on a system of exchange and net income. which Bartleby consents. Although the storyteller says he has neer seen Bartleby reading - â€Å"not even a newspaper† ( 24 ) - he does frequently notice him gazing outside the window of the office onto a brick wall. Gazing at the dead brick wall ( in what the storyteller calls Bartleby’s â€Å"dead-wall reveries† ) may be Bartleby’s lone signifier of reading. taking the topographic point of the economy-based reading demanded of him in the procedure of verifying transcripts. About midway through the narrative. the lawyer/narrator visits his office on a Sunday forenoon and. detecting a cover. soap and towel. a few crumbs of ginger nuts and a morsel of cheese. deduces that the copyist neer leaves the office. Recognizing the full impact of Bartleby’s status. he states. What I saw that forenoon persuaded me that the copyist was the victim of innate and incurable upset. ( 25 ) The storyteller clearly locates the upset in Bartleby. Sing himself in the function of diagnostician and therapist. he himself is faced with the â€Å"hopelessness of rectifying inordinate and organic ill† ( 24 ) . The narrator’s concern about an single medical remedy should more competently be a concern about an obsessively private rhetorical argument or a perilously idiomatic group contagious disease ( Perry 409 ) . Despite his premise that Bartleby is incurable. or possibly exactly because he can consequence no remedy. the storyteller beleaguers himself throughout the narrative with inquiries or bids to make something about Bartleby ( McCall 9 ) . If the private man’s upset can be passed on to another ( one ) individual. what happens when the status is let loose out of close quarantine into the public infinite of the office? Bartleby walks a unstable tightrope between comedy and calamity ( Inge 25 ) . The tragic dimension frequently resides in the narrator’s turning inward on himself ( a kind of tragic compaction ) . so seting himself on test. an interior minute of accusal which finally consequences in the prostration of the narrative in a individual suspiration or exclaiming ( â€Å"Ah. Bartleby! Ah. humanity! † 46 ) . The amusing effects are frequently related to the autocratic effort ( and failure ) to incorporate the spread of parlance as contagious disease ( Perry 412 ) . If Bartleby has been a figure for calamity in the lone speculation of the storyteller. he becomes a figure for comedy in his contact with his office mates Nippers and Turkey. The more the storyteller tries to modulate the contact between the three. the more screaming - and significantly out of control - is Bartleby’s influence. The attempt to incorporate or command tends really to advance the epidemic proportions of the narrative. It is the storyteller himself who uses a vocabulary of contagious disease in relation to Bartleby. He says he has had â€Å"more than ordinary contact† ( 3 ) with other copyists he has known. Bartleby exceeds this already extraordinary contact – he has been touched by â€Å"handling† dead letters ( Schehr 99 ) . Some critics reproduce the narrator’s linguistic communication of contagious disease in speaking about Bartleby. McCall. in his survey on The Silence of Bartleby. depict â€Å"our† response. the corporate readers’ response. to reading the narrative: As we go through the narrative. we watch with a certain delight how Bartleby is â€Å"catching. † We root for the spread of the bug. ( 145 ) In a slightly less delighted vena. Borges says. â€Å"Bartleby’s frank nihilism contaminates his comrades and even the impassive adult male who tells Bartleby’s narrative. † ( Borges 8 ) In the office scenes where the employees and foreman semen necessarily together. the â€Å"bug† word is Bartleby’s â€Å"prefer. † Nippers uses it jeeringly against the storyteller as a transitive action verb when he overhears Bartleby’s words of refusal to the narrator’s supplication â€Å"to be a small sensible. † Bartleby reverberations. â€Å"At present I would prefer non to be a small reasonable† ( 26 ) . If Nippers is enduring from his ain peculiar and chronic status of dyspepsia. he takes on the symptoms of Bartleby’s status when he exclaims to the storyteller. Prefer non. eh? †¦ – I’d prefer him. if I were you sir. I’d prefer him ; I’d give him penchants. the obstinate mule! What is it. sir. pray. that he prefers non to make now? ( 26 ) Whereas subsequently in the narrative the storyteller wholly loses his critical accomplishment to â€Å"catch† himself in his address. in this exchange he is still able to joint the consequence Bartleby’s â€Å"word† is holding on him. He notes uneasily. Somehow. of late. I had got into the manner of involuntarily utilizing the word ‘prefer’ upon all kinds of non precisely suited occasions. ( 27 ) It is this qualifier â€Å"not exactly† which is of peculiar involvement. Bartleby’s usage of words is â€Å"not exactly† incorrect. â€Å"Prefer† is so insidious because it is merely somewhat awry. dislocated. idiosyncratic. As McCall accurately notes about the power of Bartleby’s â€Å"I prefer non to. † â€Å"one must hear. in the small silence that follows it. how the line delivers two contradictory significances. stubbornness and niceness. â€Å" ( 152 ) The line calls merely adequate attending to itself so as to pull others to its â€Å"profoundly assorted message† ( â€Å"its perfect yes and no† ) in an imitative manner ( McCall 152 ) . â€Å"Prefer† is as inobtrusive. as contagious. and every bit radical as a sneezing. The storyteller lets it out of his oral cavity involuntarily. When Turkey enters the scene and uses the bug word without recognizing it ( without Nippers’ italicized lampoon or the narrator’s critical remarks ) . the storyteller says to him. in a â€Å"slightly excited† tone. â€Å"So you have got the word. too† ( 27 ) . In this polar sentence. the verb â€Å"get† implies â€Å"to receive† ( as in â€Å"to receive a word or message† ) . but more strikingly for our treatment here. it implies the verb â€Å"to catch† – one â€Å"catches† the word as one would â€Å"catch† a cold. The storyteller attempts to supervise the contagious disease by calling the bug and indicating it out to the others. But the word mocks everyone’s will to command it â€Å"prefer† pops up six times in the following half a page - four times unconsciously in the address of one of the employees. and twice consciously ( modified by â€Å"word† ) in the narrative of the attorney. Bartleby could be described as a narrative of the familiarity – or anxiousness – a attorney feels for the law-copyist he employs. The storyteller arranges a screen in the corner of his office behind which Bartleby may work. Pleased with the agreement of puting Bartleby behind the screen in close propinquity to his ain desk. the storyteller provinces. â€Å"Thus. in a mode. privateness and society were conjoined† ( 12 ) . The storyteller idealizes the possibility of a perfect harmoniousness between privateness and community in the work environment. but it is exactly the struggle between these two spatial â€Å"conditions† which generates the narrative. specifying non merely Bartleby’s â€Å"idiocy. † but the narrator’s every bit good. The storyteller most characteristically brushs Bartleby â€Å"emerging from his retreat† ( 13 ) or â€Å"retiring into his hermitage† ( 26 ) . The screen isolates Bartleby from the position of the storyteller. but non from his voice. Borges. Jorge Luis. â€Å"Prologue to Herman Melville’s ‘Bartleby† in Herman Melville’s Billy Budd. â€Å"Benito Cereno. † â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener. † and Other Tales. erectile dysfunction. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. 1987 Inge. Thomas M. . erectile dysfunction. Bartleby the Inscrutable. Hamden. Connecticut: Archon Books. 1979. McCall. Dan. The Silence of Bartleby. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1989. Melville. Herman. â€Å"Billy Budd† and Other Stories. New York: Penguin Books. 1986. Perry. Dennis R. â€Å"‘Ah. Humanity’ : Compulsion Neurosiss in Melville’s Bartleby. † Studies in Short Fiction 23. 4 ( autumn 1987 ) : 407-415. Schehr. Lawrence R. â€Å"Dead Letterss: Theories of Writing in Bartleby the Scrivener† Enclitic seven. cubic decimeter ( spring 1983 ) : 96-103.

Analyzing Pro forma Statements Essay Example for Free

Analyzing Pro forma Statements Essay This financial analysis will define an initiative of what to implement, that would increase sales over the next five years. It can either be, another market, product, or a corporate expansion. A pro forma will be created and used for the XYZ Manufacturing Company of a five year projections. Assumptions will be made to support each line item, to increase or decrease the forecasted statements. There will also be interpretation of the financials, in relation to the initiative. Recommendations are to made on the potential discretionary financing needs. This word analysis is the company’s short term and long term financing needs, and strategies to help the company manage their working capital (University of Phoenix, 2014). Pro forma statements are created by, forecasting and combining the income and balance into a financial statement format. This will determine how the account balances are forecasted by acquiring forces that will influence and project how the accounts will be influenced. These forces are recognizable as restrictive debt agreements, sales, and company policies The following illustrations below is the Pro forma’s process for a five-year projection. This information is based on historical data collected from the sample provide (UOPX, 2014)..There is acquired information of a increase in sales new product as the result of a new product introduction also an increase in the production capacity. The increase in sales will acquire fixed assets with the excess cash (Parrino, Kidwell, & Bates, 2012) Pro forma Balance Sheet for XYZ Company, INC. Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity-$559,608 $649,251 $848,766 $1,,037,172 $1,183,541 In the above balance sheet the current assets and current liabilities has increased in the ratio of sales (Parrino,Kidwell, & Bates, 2012, p90,91. 92) There is also an additional increase in the fixed assets. The company to take out an additional loan to meet the capital expansion, and the working capital needs (Parrino, Kidwell, & Bates, 2012) I would recommend that the company The first step in this pro forma financial statements is the forecasting of sales. Sales always influence the current asset and current liability account balances. For example: the account receivable balances would need to become larger increased if the firm needs to carry more inventory. Through the profit margin, and the dividend payout ratio. There is much difficult in forecasting sales, but it is an essential, it only depend on the season of the year, economy and the industry There could also be many other factors as well. Reference Parrino, R., Kidwell, D. S., & Bates, T. W. (2012). Fundamentals of corporate finance (2nd ed.). Hoboken, N. J.: John Wiley & Sons. University of Phoenix material, (2013) â€Å"Analyzing Pro Forma Statements†

Real world business issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Real world business issues - Assignment Example It is vital for business manager to anticipate and identify them so that they can be exploited as new opportunities of growth. Thus, business managers are important linkages that integrate external opportunities and organizational growth by identifying themes and concerns for the benefit of the organizations. The paper would be discussing four major themes that have emerged as critical external factors which considerably influence the productive outcome of the firms and help it to maintain market leverage. The characteristics of emerging external and unstructured issues are essential paradigms that need to be identified and evaluated for evolving effective strategies so that issues can be resolved early and turn impending failure into stepping-stones of success. The tangible and intangible elements of external environment often create hassles that adversely impact organizational growth. They become major contributor for its deteriorating performance. Slater and Narver (1995) believe that firms which constantly make efforts to acquire, process, and circulate information across the organization about markets, products, technologies, and business processes etc., tend to succeed in anticipating changes and meeting them with creative and flexible approach. Consequently, managerial leadership of business managers become key enabling element that helps firms to maintain its leverage in the market against all odds. The following four themes are critical factors that influence organizational p erformance. Globalization has emerged as one of the most important external issues that has long term cascading impact on the organizational processes and performance. Globalization can be broadly defined as ‘the diffusion of goods, services, capital, technology, and people (workers) across national borders’ (Sirgy et al., 2004: 253). Technology has been major

Break an un written rule of comunication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Break an un written rule of comunication - Essay Example Contravening these rules usually leads to conflict between the communicating parties, especially when inappropriate body language is offensive, inconsequentially seductive, or abusive. A person must always turn to the door and wait until his or her floor is reached upon entering an elevator, stands as one of the rules. Moreover, when a person is sitting across other people, he or she should not look at them for more than two seconds. These rules are some of the unwritten rules that people must always respect. In this case, the paper provides my personal experience in which I broke one of the unwritten rules of nonverbal communication while working at a grocery store. Nonverbal communication should be conscious and purposeful. It should not go against ethics, respect the privacy of other people, and articulate the intended message without digressing. In my case, I happened to break one rule of nonverbal communication when I was attending to a customer who had visited the grocery store. As an attendant at the grocery store, I am always so alert that I see a customer that visits the store. On the fateful day, a male customer came to buy some commodities. From afar, he was adorned in a black designer suit that displayed his great body with his skin tone beaming with freshness. I was so quick to notice his looks even before he reached the store. My eyes were glued to him from the moment he alighted from his car to the time he reached the grocery store. I had given a sufficient amount of time with a stern look that depicted my admiration. He sashayed to the store and was in need of some commodities. At this point, I had already broken the rule of looking at a person directly for more than two seconds. We had locked eyes, and I looked at him for more than 20 seconds. He frowned and looked at me with sharp eyes perhaps wondering why was looking vacantly into his eyes and outfit. I felt that the man was offended since the look he gave me displayed his dismay,

Consider knowledge issues Essay Example for Free

Consider knowledge issues Essay â€Å"That which is accepted as knowledge today is sometimes discarded tomorrow.† Consider knowledge issues raised by this statement in two areas of knowledge. Nowadays, due to for example technological development, every day can bring us a new knowledge. Something that yesterday was unthinkable, today turned into reality. Does that work in the opposite way? Does knowledge from hundreds of years ago is still considered as truth? Does knowledge have a period of validity? I found it very interesting considering the fact that most people believe in everything what famous scientists say. They are learning things, which are written in books or newspapers and they consider it as truth. But how do we know that something is truth? There are various of theories which are created every day and overturned after few days or even hours. While thinking about all knowledge theories, one question is coming to our mind, how do we know that previously accepted knowledge is timeless, and when it is accountable to be inverted as new thinking emerges? On those questions I will try to answer in my essay. To accurately answer the question posed in the task, areas of knowledge to which I am going to relate my work are history and human sciences. Technological development which was mentioned before allowed us to verify whether created theories are true or false. Theories from which we obtains our knowledge are changing constantly. Some of them could be overturned after they were assessed as unreliable. Such assessment can be done due to development which we already obtained. However, technology can also be used to improve the reliability of such knowledge. As an example of such theory I will use biological cell theory. In 1590, Hans and Zacharias Janssen invented a microscope under which in 1665 Robert Hooke firstly discovered cells, the basic units of structure and function of all living organisms. There was not many informations about this new discover. For years, scientists have expanded their knowledge about cells and they are doing it even now. Thanks to technology, now we know almost everything about cells. How they replicate, what they contain inside of them. The theory has been improved so this is still considered as reliable knowledge. Another example of improvement in sources of knowledge could be found in physics. In ancient Greece, Democritus discovered the smallest unit of matter atom. Due to  many various experiments performed till now, theory about atom has changed many times and it is still not over. Scientists are always looking for new informations, therefore they are collecting new knowledge. From this knowledge new theories are created and then, by new technologies those are considered as true or false or improved. Another example of knowledge which was discarded after a long time is psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a method of understanding and treatment of human psychology and the theory allows to explain the different social and cultural phenomena. It was begun in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century by the Viennese physician Sigmund Freud. For many years, psychoanalysis was considered as the best method of treatment of mental disorders based on assumptions psychoanalytic theory. It assumes that the primary cause of the symptoms is unconscious memory, which involves strong emotions, resulting in a traumatic situation. Goal of psychoanalysis as a therapeutic method is to restore the consciousness of those memories. Critics of psychoanalysis as a scientific theory argue that it cannot be verified experimentally, so it cannot be classified as science, but only to literature, pseudoscience or para-science. In addition, many authors believe that Freud in many places falsify his observ ations to confirm his theory. Karl Popper took example of psychoanalysis as a theory unfalsifiable, and therefore unscientific. Unfalsifiable of psychoanalysis can be represented by the following example. A person smokes a cigar. Psychoanalysis claims that in this way this person satisfies his oral needs. If this person confirms, it would constitute proof of the veracity of the claims of psychoanalysis. If, however, deny that the reasons for the denial of that to be found in ignorance and denial. Thus, it also confirms the truth of the claims of psychoanalysis. Except Freud, there are many other psychoanalysts. As an example I will use Alfred Adler. Alfred Adler was an Austrian medical doctor and psychotherapist who found school of individual psychology. Different case in point how knowledge can be discarded we can find in case of penicillin. It was the first antibiotic found in 1928 by Alexander Fleming. Firstly, it was considered as the best known to humanity treatment for almost all the diseases. The mechanism of action of penicillin as  antibiotics by blocking the activity of bacterial enzymes. It lend a hand to a lot of people with their diseases and sufferings and it brought a great success to scientists which found it. They even got the Nobel Prize in 1945 for inventing penicillin. However, after a few years when penicillin was on the market, many people started to complain on side effects of penicillin. It turned out that a lot of them are allergic to penicillin and therefore they have huge problems with their health. Some people even had anaphylactic shock after first dose. Moreover, users of penicillin were complaining from fever, chilling, profuse sweating, cyanosis or hypotension. These facts have rejected the recogniti on of penicillin as the best antibiotic and therefore knowledge that penicillin is the best antibiotic was discarded. Nowadays due to technology we have much better kinds of antibiotics. Many of them are antiallergic and therefore may be used by all people suffering from different diseases. Except science, knowledge changes also on historical ground. It mainly refer to revisionist historians. History we learn is changing all the time, as revisionist historians change things so as to fit the truths more likely than it is. As it is known, history is always incomplete. There are many facts about we do not have a clue or we dont know why something happened. Thanks to revisionist historians, old theories are in fact changed into the new ones, which are considered as better and therefore more accurate truth of the world is created. In this case, old theories are not discarded, but evolved to adjust to the flow of time and new informations possessed. Therefore, theories created by earlier generations are accepted but changed in future to fit the truth more likely. This brings us to consensus that even though a few years ago something was considered by historians as truth, today due to technology and revisionist historians it may be considered as totally different. As we can see, nothing stays forever on our planet. Everyday everything changes, new knowledge is discovered and new theories are created. World is constantly evolving and brings us new technology by which we can discover new informations and therefore knowledge. Psychoanalysis, discover of penicillin, cell theory, revisionist historians and discover of atom are all  an examples of how can knowledge change due to the passage of time and technology development. Taking this into consideration, the statement mentioned in the subject That which is accepted as knowledge today is sometimes discarded tomorrow. perfectly represents the idea and speed of development of modern world. Even though today we think that something is true and different theory is unacceptable, in few years or centuries it could be discarded or evolved into the new theory.

Pope Pius XIIs Neutrality Essay -- Catholic Church, Holocaust, Hitler

Is it possible for a Pope to be infallible? When one looks at events, such as the Holocaust, the answer of this question becomes twofold. Were Pope Pius XII’s actions an attempt to save the Catholic Church from persecutions or were they a lack of understanding of Hitler’s ethnic cleansing? Nearly six million Jews were slaughtered during the Holocaust, and when the world became aware of the mass murders that were taking place in Europe, World War II became a moral obligation rather than a fight for power. The Allied powers, Nazi resistance group, and even some Catholic groups invaded Germany to not only save Jews, but also to force the Nazis out of power in Germany. Surprisingly, the Vatican did not assist these resistance groups. Pope Pius XII neglected to help Jewish Holocaust victims and cowardly ignored the moral issue in order to remain neutral, avoid conflict in the war, and avoid the persecution of more Catholics. Since Pope Pius XI was in power, the Church was pro-neutrality. In 1930, Pope Pius XI appointed Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, later Pope Pius XII, as Secretary of State of the Holy See. Pacelli assisted Pius XI in writing encyclicals, dealing with diplomatic matters, and handling international affairs (Sanchez 16). In fact, Pius XI even selected Cardinal Pacelli to agree to the Reich Concordat of 1933 — an agreement signed by Cardinal Pacelli and Herr Franz von Papen, the Vice-Chancellor of the German Reich — on his behalf. This agreement allowed the Pope to impose laws on the German clergy and ensure the freedom of German Catholic dioceses, schools, religious Orders, congregations and parishes (Concordat). The German Reich agreed to these terms so long as the papacy encouraged the demolition of the Cathol... ...in his Christmas Message of 1942. In an address to the College of Cardinals in June 1943, Pius XII repeated what he told the Italian ambassador in 1940: â€Å"We would like to utter words of fire against such actions (German atrocities) and the only thing restraining up from speaking is the fear of making the plight of the victims even worse† (Phayer 54). His concern was Nazi retaliation against Catholics in the occupied countries. The silence of the Pope was deafening. If Pope Pius XII had readily shared his knowledge regarding the deportations of Jews and death camps with the rest of the world immediately upon learning this information, it is extremely possible that many lives would have been saved. This silent reaction of the papacy began the controversy of the moral obligations of Pope Pius XII and the omissions of any reactions to the atrocities taking place.

Ernest Hemingway Essay

Ernest Miller Hemingway was considered one of the great American authors of the 20th century. Hemingway’s unique style of writing set him apart from other authors of this time and of today. He influenced many generations of authors with his style of using powerful, precise words. He used few adjectives, simple verbs, and short sentences in his works. Hemingway believed that his writing should be based on knowledge that he had acquired on a particular subject through his own personal life. In a passage from Hemingway’s Death in the Afternoon, he wrote â€Å"If a writer of prose knows enough about what he is writing about he may omit things he knows and the reader, if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. † This is in fact why Hemingway wrote most of his novels and stories in the first person point of view. Hemingway was also known for the dialogue he wrote between his characters. This allowed the reader to see his character’s emotions and inner thoughts. Ernest Hemingway’s style challenged readers to look below the surface for the meaning of his words. This was known as the â€Å"Iceberg Theory† because the tip of an iceberg is the only visible portion above the sea while the largest part is far below the sea. The â€Å"Hemingway hero†, a male character who faces violence and destruction with courage, and the â€Å"Hemingway code†, unemotional behavior in difficult and dangerous situations, were also trademarks of Hemingway’s style. To better understand Ernest Hemingway as an author, one must first look at Hemingway as a person. Ernest Hemingway was born in 1899 in Illinois. As a young boy, Hemingway enjoyed hunting and fishing at the family cabin in rural Michigan. These outings allowed him to gain appreciation for Mother Nature, and to look for adventure in many parts of the world. This love of the outdoors was reflected in many of his writings, such as The Green Hills of Africa published in 1935. During Hemingway’s high school years, he was editor of the school newspaper. This was the beginning of his writing career. Shortly after graduation, Hemingway went into battle during World War I, where he was an ambulance driver. He became injured and returned to Illinois where he landed a job with the Toronto Star. He became a war correspondent, moved to Paris, and got the opportunity to interview many European political leaders, such as Mussolini. These two events influenced Hemingway to write his first best-seller, A Farewell to Arms, in 1929. Hemingway’s job, a reporter and journalist, required him to write short and to-the-point articles, which was how he wrote as an author. In 1929, this style of writing led Hemingway to write and publish his first work, Three Stories and Ten Poems. Hemingway the author was born. Ernest Hemingway was married four times. The first two marriages failed because Hemingway was unhappy, the third failed because his wife was unhappy, and the fourth continued until the end of Hemingway’s life. Hemingway never had a female as the main character in his works. In 1939, Hemingway’s father committed suicide after battling high blood pressure and diabetes for many years. The painful experience of his father’s death influenced the novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls. Hemingway moved to Cuba in 1945 where he wrote The Old Man and the Sea, a novel about an old fisherman who battled a giant marlin and the sea. This novel won Hemingway a Pulitzer Prize. In 1954, this novel also won Ernest Hemingway the Nobel Prize for Literature. He could not attend the ceremonies because of injuries he received in a near fatal plane crash. Hemingway was forced to move back to the United States in 1960 because of the communist movement led by Fidel Castro. Hemingway’s health began to deteriate. His injuries from the plane crash prevented him from enjoying his love for the outdoors and his love for writing. Hemingway sank into a state of depression and shot himself, just as his father had done some years earlier. Hemingway had several unfinished works, such as The Garden of Eden and A Moveable Feast, which were published to satisfy the reading public who longed for more of his great style of writing. â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† and â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place† were two short stories written by Ernest Hemingway during his career as an author. They both show Hemingway’s ability to entertain the reader with his short, simple well-known style, along with a bit of Hemingway’s personal beliefs and life. They are short on words, as a journalist would write, but not on the themes, that Hemingway the author wanted to convey to the reader. â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† was a story about a girl and an American male who were discussing the fate of their unborn child. The story took place in a bar or cafe in Spain. Hemingway made the reader look for the true meaning of the story starting with the title by using symbolism. The story had nothing to do with â€Å"hills† or â€Å"white elephants†, but Hemingway’s choice of words and his use of dialogue between the two people soon guided the reader to realize that the title represented the real problem being dealt with by the girl and the American. The â€Å"hills† represented the two choices, or decisions, the girl had to make, either keep the baby alive in her womb or have an abortion. The â€Å"hills† might also have represented the difficulties of relationships. One hill is described as â€Å"fields of grain and trees†, or fertile, while the other is described as â€Å"having no shade and no trees†, or barren. The â€Å"white elephant† symbolized the mystery of what life had to offer, or something that nobody wanted–the baby. The dialogue used between the girl and the American showed the reader that the relationship was strained, â€Å"Just because you say I wouldn’t have doesn’t prove anything. â€Å"The American also tried to get the girl to see things his way by saying that the abortion he wanted her to have â€Å"is perfectly simple. † The story was typical of Hemingway’s â€Å"Iceberg Theory†. There was more going on in the story than just a conversation at a bar. The story was also a bit different from most of Hemingway’s other works. He seemed to have made the girl more superior than the male, more like a â€Å"Hemingway hero†, and also allowed her to display the â€Å"Hemingway code†, † I feel fine. â€Å", even though she was faced with a big decision in her life-one that could change it no matter what she chose. â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place† was a story about an old man, a young waiter, and an old waiter. This story also took place in a bar in some Spanish speaking country. The story dealt with the light inside the cafe and the darkness inside the old man. The cafe was a place the old man could escape the darkness, boredom, and nothingness-the† Nada†, of his life. It is well lit and represented a place the old man could seek comfort. Hemingway used this character to demonstrate that â€Å"darkness†, or death, awaits us all. Again, He used dialogue to let the reader see how the characters emotionally felt. The young waiter was aggravated by the old man’s presence and said, â€Å"I wish he would go home. † Hemingway did not give the characters in this short story names because that was not necessary information for the reader. The reader only needed to feel the ideas in the story, Hemingway believed that it was not his name that was important but his words in his works. His concise wording gave the reader a chance to see his characters personalities. The young waiter stated that â€Å"An old man is a nasty thing. † which showed the reader that he had very little respect for the aging. During Hemingway’s final years, he resembled the old man in the cafe. Both were depressed and Hemingway wrote that he â€Å"tried to commit suicide†. The only difference between them was the old man did not succeed and Hemingway did. This story was also typical of his â€Å"Iceberg Theory†. There was much more going on in the bar than just people drinking. The old man also demonstrated the â€Å"Hemingway hero† and the â€Å"Hemingway code†. He faced death with courage and tried to show little or no emotion about his life ending. Many criticized Ernest Hemingway for his personal and sometimes less than perfect lifestyle, but very few critics can find fault in his literary works. They are works of a brilliant author who was very skilled at what he loved to do—write. According to the July 7, 1999 issue of Time Magazine, Ernest Hemingway deserved the Nobel Prize for Literature and â€Å"the trumpets of fame† that went with this prestigious honor. He received this award for his best selling novel, The Old Man and the Sea. â€Å"He broke the bounds of American writing, enriched U. S. Literature ?. and showed new ways to new generations of writers. † He was only one of five other American born writers to receive this honor. It also stated that Hemingway wrote this novel â€Å"over 200 times† before he felt it was ready for publication and that perhaps he was his own â€Å"best critic†. The words Hemingway wrote were described as â€Å"?. an organic being of their own. Every syllable counts toward a stimulating, entrancing experience of magic† and â€Å"fibrous and athletic, colloquial and fresh, hard and clean†. Ernest Hemingway was referred to as â€Å"an artist and brilliant with whatever words he chose to paint with. † Ernest Hemingway was a very interesting person and an enriching author. I enjoyed reading and studying the two short stories, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† and â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place†. His style of using dialogue, symbolism, and concise wording made these works a challenge? but a challenge I liked. Hemingway worked timelessly to perfect his writing so that it could be appreciated by readers of all ages? even those of us who thought literature was not for them. Bibliography â€Å"Ernest (Miller) Hemingway. † DISCovering Authors. Online Edition. Gale, 2003. Student Resource Center. Thomson Gale. 12 April 2007< http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/SRC> Hunt, Douglas. The Riverside Anthology of Literature. Dallas: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1991. Kramer, Victor A. â€Å"Hemingway, Ernest. † World Book Online Reference Center. 2007. 12 April 2007. Kunitz, Stanley J. Twentieth Century Authors. New York: The H. W. Wilson Company, 1955. Segall, Mary T. Portals. Philadelphia: Harcourt Brace College, 1999.

State Bank of Mysore Project

INTRODUCTION As a part of the MBA programme, I have undertaken Project Work i. e. an Organizational Study of State Bank of Mysore, which I completed as per the requirements of the organization as well as project rules. This internship did enable me to understand the nuances of the service sector and get an on-hand experience of application of theoretical knowledge. In fact it gave me a look-through to gimmicks of the game and assured me of the fact that „Business is a combo of Art, Science and Profession. I did gain good amount of knowledge since I had an encounter with the assets of the organization or rather Employees of the firm, its? ulture, practices, departments, so†¦ On and so forth. Walter Lipmann says â€Å"The ultimate test of a leader is found by the trail he leaves behind and not by what he has achieved†. And therefore let me take you through further in this report to show you what trail State Bank of Mysore has left by being a Leader in letter and spiri t. The study is limited to the information drawn from the authorities of the organization and its? respective website. The study is not proposed to be an expert study since the time frame offered for the study was very short.However the scope of the study, by and large is all inclusive though there could be areas which are not addressed to due to the reason stated above already. All in all it was an experiential learning that an MBA candidate is expected to possess which was possible because of curriculum defined by the Bangalore University and State Bank of Mysore. Rest assured I am now for this internship has cleared the veil in front of us to let us know how actually does a firm look like and functions, unlike what we had read in the books. Chapter – 1MEANING OF ORGANISATION Organisation is the foundation upon which the whole structure of management is built. Organisation is related with developing a frame work where the total work is divided into manageable components in order to facilitate the achievement of objectives or goals. Thus, organisation is the structure or mechanism (machinery) that enables living things to work together. In a static sense, an organisation is a structure or machinery manned by group of individuals who are working together towards a common goal. Organisation is the process of identifying and grouping work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority and establishing relationship for the purpose of enabling people to wore most effectively together in accomplishing objectives†. Definition Different authors have defined organisation in different ways. The main definitions of organisation are as follows: †¢ According to Keith Davis, â€Å"Organisation may be defined as a group of individuals, large of small, that is cooperating under the direction of executive leadership in accomplishment of certain common object. †¢ According to Chester I. Barnard, â€Å"Organisation is a system of co-operative activities of two or more persons. † †¢ According to Louis A. Allen, â€Å"Organisation is the process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and establishing relationship for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives. † †¢ According to Mooney and Railey, â€Å"Organisation is the form of every human association for the attainment of a common purpose. † IMPORTANCE OF ORGNISATIONAL STUDYThe effectiveness and efficiency of organization helps in providing the continuity and success to the enterprise. There are many factors that explain the importance and objectives of organisation and they are:- 1. Facilitates Administration: An efficient and sound organisation make easy for the management to relate the flow of resource continually to the overall objectives. A sound organisation helps in providing appropriate platform where m anagement can performs the functions of planning, direction, coordination, motivation and control. 2.Facilitates Growth and Diversification: A sound organisation helps in the growth and diversification of activities. The growth is facilitated by clear division of work, proper delegation of authority etc. In short, it helps in the organisational elaboration. In case of reasonable expansion of organisation, the functional types get replaced by a more flexible decentralized organisation. 3. Permits optimum use of Resources: The optimum use of technical and human resources gets facilitated in sound and efficient organisation. The organisation can have the facilities of latest technological developments and improvements.It also facilitates optimum use of human resources through specialization. The people in the organisation get appropriately trained and get promotion opportunities. A sound organisation provides all the desired potential and strength to the company to meet the future chal lenges. 4. Stimulate Creativity: The specialization in the organisation helps individuals in getting well defined duties, clear lines of authority and responsibility. It encourages the creativity of the people. The sound organisational structure enables mangers to concentrate on important issues where their talent can be exploited to the maximum. . Encourages Humanistic Approach: A sound organisation helps in adopting efficient methods of selection, training, remuneration and promotion for employees. It makes people work in a team and not like machines or robots. Organisation helps in providing factors like job rotation, job enlargement and enrichment to its employees. A sound organisation provides higher job satisfaction to its employees through proper delegation and decentralization, favourable working environment and democratic and participative leadership.It enhances the mode of communication and interaction among different levels of the management. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION ? The Principle of Objective ? Principle of Specialization ? The Scalar Principle ? The Principle of Authority ? The Principle of Unity of Command OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. To study the organization 2. To study various departments such as: a). Operations Management Department b. Planning and Development Department c). Commercial and Institutions Department d). Treasury Department e). Technology Department f). Vigilance and Inspection Department 3.To study the day to day activities of the Bank DATA COLLECTION The methodology used in this study involves the collection of data through various ways such as primary data and secondary data. Primary data Primary data is collected from primary sources the data collected through interview with various department heads and officers of the firm. With the help of managers and employees in various department helps to get a clear idea about the organization and its day to day activities. Secondary data Publications of a wide variety provide a good deal of external secondary data.News paper, magazines, technical journals, trade publications, directories, government publications, committee reports, these are sources of external secondary data. Secondary data can also be purchased in some cases from commercial marketing research services. Various types of written documents within the organization, magazines and internet. a) Price lists b) Catalogues etc c) Internet and websites 1. 6 LIMITATION OF STUDY 1. Very less time span is available for study. 2. Sales data is taken 18th July to 18th August 3. Lack of prior experience. 4. There is a possibility 0f an exaggerated claim. INDUSTRY PROFILE pic] Chapter –2 Overview of Industry Profile A Bank is a financial institution and a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities, either directly or through capital markets. A bank connects customers that have capital deficits to customers with capital surpluses. Due to their critic al status within the financial system and the economy] generally, banks are highly regulated in most countries. Most banks operate under a system known as fractional reserve banking where they hold only a small reserve of the funds deposited and lend out the rest for profit.They are generally subject to minimum capital requirements which are based on an international set of capital standards, known as the Basel Accords. The oldest bank still in existence is Monte dei Paschi di Siena, headquartered in Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472 Banking Sector in India Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The first Banks were The General Bank of India, which started in 1786, and Bank of Hindustan, which started in 1790; both are now defunct.The oldest Bank in existence in India is the State Bank of India, which originated in the Bank of Calcutta in June 1806, which almost immediately became the Bank of Bengal. This was one of the thre e presidency Banks, the other two being the Bank of Bombay and the Bank of Madras, all three of which were established under charters from the British East India Company. For many years the Presidency Banks acted as quasi-central Banks, as did their successors. The three Banks merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which, upon India's independence, became the State Bank of India. HistoryIndian merchants in Calcutta established the Union Bank in 1839, but it failed in 1848 as a consequence of the economic crisis of 1848-49. The Allahabad Bank, established in 1865 and still functioning today, is the oldest Joint Stock Bank in India. (Joint Stock Bank: A company that issues stock and requires shareholders to be held liable for the company's debt) It was not the first though. That honour belongs to the Bank of Upper India, which was established in 1863, and which survived until 1913, when it failed, with some of its assets and liabilities being transferred to the Alliance Ba nk of Shimla.When the American Civil War stopped the supply of cotton to Lancashire from the Confederate States, promoters opened Banks to finance trading in Indian cotton. With large exposure to speculative ventures, most of the Banks opened in India during that period failed. The depositors lost money and lost interest in keeping deposits with Banks. Subsequently, Banking in India remained the exclusive domain of Europeans for next several decades until the beginning of the 20th century. Foreign Banks too started to arrive, particularly in Calcutta, in the 1860s.The Comptoire d'Escompte de Paris opened a branch in Calcutta in 1860, and another in Bombay in 1862; branches in Madras and Pondicherry, then a French colony, followed. HSBC established itself in Bengal in 1869. Calcutta was the most active trading port in India, mainly due to the trade of the British Empire, and so became a Banking centre. The first entirely Indian joint stock Bank was the Oudh Commercial Bank, establish ed in 1881 in Faizabad. It failed in 1958. The next was the Punjab National Bank, established in Lahore in 1895, which has survived to the present and is now one of the largest Banks in India.Around the turn of the 20th Century, the Indian economy was passing through a relative period of stability. Around five decades had elapsed since the Indian Mutiny, and the social, industrial and other infrastructure had improved. Indians had established small Banks, most of which served particular ethnic and religious communities. The presidency Banks dominated Banking in India but there were also some exchange Banks and a number of Indian joint stock Banks. All these Banks operated in different segments of the economy. The exchange Banks, mostly owned by Europeans, concentrated on financing foreign trade.Indian joint stock Banks were generally undercapitalized and lacked the experience and maturity to compete with the presidency and exchange Banks. This segmentation let Lord Curzon to observe The period between 1906 and 1911, saw the establishment of Banks inspired by the Swadeshi movement. The Swadeshi movement inspired local businessmen and political figures to found Banks of and for the Indian community. A number of Banks established then have survived to the present such as Bank of India, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank and Central Bank of India.No. of Banks Failed & their Capitals | Years |Number of Banks |Authorised capital(Rs. |Paid-up Capital | | |that failed |Lakhs) |(Rs. Lakhs) | | 1913 | 12 | 274 |35 | | 1914 | 42 |710 | 109 | | 1915 | 11 | 56 | 5 | | 916 | 13 |231 | 4 | | 1917 | 9 | 76 |25 | | 1918 | 7 |209 | 1 | Table 2. 1: No. of Banks Failed and its capital The fervour of Swadeshi movement lead to establishing of many private Banks in Dakshina Kannada and Udupi district which were unified earlier and known by the name South Canara ( South Kanara ) district.Four nationalised Banks started in this district and also a leading priva te sector Bank. Hence undivided Dakshina Kannada district is known as â€Å"Cradle of Indian Banking†. During the First World War (1914-1918) through the end of the Second World War (1939-1945), and two years thereafter until the independence of India were challenging for Indian Banking. The years of the First World War were turbulent, and it took its toll with Banks simply collapsing despite the Indian economy gaining indirect boost due to war-related economic activities.At least 94 Banks in India failed between 1913 and 1918 as indicated in the following table: Post-Independence The partition of India in 1947 adversely impacted the economies of Punjab and West Bengal, paralyzing Banking activities for months. India's independence marked the end of a regime of the Laissez-faire for the Indian Banking. The Government of India initiated measures to play an active role in the economic life of the nation, and the Industrial Policy Resolution adopted by the government in 1948 env isaged a mixed economy.This resulted into greater involvement of the state in different segments of the economy including Banking and finance. The major steps to regulate Banking included: ? The Reserve Bank of India, India's central Banking authority, was nationalized on January 1, 1949 under the terms of the Reserve Bank of India (Transfer to Public Ownership) Act, 1948 (RBI, 2005b). ? In 1949, the Banking Regulation Act was enacted which empowered the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) â€Å"to regulate, control, and inspect the Banks in India. † The Banking Regulation Act also provided that no new Bank or branch of an xisting Bank could be opened without a license from the RBI, and no two Banks could have common directors. Nationalisation [pic] Banks Nationalisation in India: Newspaper Clipping, Times of India, July, 20, 1969 Despite the provisions, control and regulations of Reserve Bank of India, Banks in India except the State Bank of India or SBI, continued to be owned and o perated by private persons. By the 1960s, the Indian Banking industry had become an important tool to facilitate the development of the Indian economy.At the same time, it had emerged as a large employer, and a debate had ensued about the nationalization of the Banking industry. Indira Gandhi, then Prime Minister of India, expressed the intention of the Government of India in the annual conference of the All India Congress Meeting in a paper entitled â€Å"Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalisation. † The meeting received the paper with enthusiasm. Thereafter, her move was swift and sudden. The Government of India issued an ordinance and nationalised the 14 largest commercial Banks with effect from the midnight of July 19, 1969.Jayaprakash Narayan, a national leader of India, described the step as a â€Å"masterstroke of political sagacity. † Within two weeks of the issue of the ordinance, the Parliament passed the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertaking ) Bill, and it received the presidential approval on 9 August 1969. A second dose of nationalization of 6 more commercial Banks followed in 1980. The stated reason for the nationalization was to give the government more control of credit delivery. With the second dose of nationalization, the Government of India controlled around 91% of the Banking business of India.Later on, in the year 1993, the government merged New Bank of India with Punjab National Bank. It was the only merger between nationalized Banks and resulted in the reduction of the number of nationalised Banks from 20 to 19. After this, until the 1990s, the nationalised Banks grew at a pace of around 4%, closer to the average growth rate of the Indian economy. Liberalisation In the early 1990s, the then Narasimha Rao government embarked on a policy of liberalization, licensing a small number of private Banks.These came to be known as New Generation tech-savvy Banks, and included Global Trust Bank (the first of such new g eneration Banks to be set up), which later amalgamated with Oriental Bank of Commerce, Axis Bank(earlier as UTI Bank), ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank. This move, along with the rapid growth in the economy of India, revitalized the Banking sector in India, which has seen rapid growth with strong contribution from all the three sectors of Banks, namely, government Banks, private Banks and foreign Banks.The next stage for the Indian Banking has been set up with the proposed relaxation in the norms for Foreign Direct Investment, where all Foreign Investors in Banks may be given voting rights which could exceed the present cap of 10%, at present it has gone up to 74% with some restrictions. The new policy shook the Banking sector in India completely. Bankers, till this time, were used to the 4-6-4 method (Borrow at 4%; Lend at 6%; Go home at 4) of functioning. The new wave ushered in a modern outlook and tech-savvy methods of working for traditional Banks. All this led to the retail boom in In dia.People not just demanded more from their Banks but also received more. Currently (2007), Banking in India is generally fairly mature in terms of supply, product range and reach-even though reach in rural India still remains a challenge for the private sector and foreign Banks. In terms of quality of assets and capital adequacy, Indian Banks are considered to have clean, strong and transparent balance sheets relative to other Banks in comparable economies in its region. The Reserve Bank of India is an autonomous body, with minimal pressure from the government.The stated policy of the Bank on the Indian Rupee is to manage volatility but without any fixed exchange rate-and this has mostly been true. With the growth in the Indian economy expected to be strong for quite some time-especially in its services sector-the demand for Banking services, especially retail Banking, mortgages and investment services are expected to be strong. One may also expect M's, takeovers, and asset sales. In March 2006, the Reserve Bank of India allowed Warburg Pincus to increase its stake in Kotak Mahindra Bank (a private sector Bank) to 10%.This is the first time an investor has been allowed to hold more than 5% in a private sector Bank since the RBI announced norms in 2005 that any stake exceeding 5% in the private sector Banks would need to be vetted by them. In recent years critics have charged that the non-government owned Banks are too aggressive in their loan recovery efforts in connection with housing, vehicle and personal loans. There are press reports that the Banks' loan recovery efforts have driven defaulting borrowers to suicide. Phase 1 (March 2005 to March 2009) . Foreign banks were allowed to establish presence in India and were given an option to operate through branch presence or set up a 100% Wholly Owned Subsidiary (WOS). 2. Foreign banks were allowed to open 12 branches a year (the limit was in line with World Trade Organisation (WTO) commitment). Branch licens ing procedure was kept same as applicable for private banks. More liberal branch opening policy was adopted in under-banked areas. 3. The limit of 12 branches a year was raised to 20 branches for foreign banks in March2006. 4.Acquisition of shares in Indian banks by foreign banks was permitted for banks whichare identified by RBI for restructuring. Phase 2 (April 2009 onwards) 1. Branch expansion: -After reviewing the experience of the first phase, RBI has proposed to remove the restriction on branch expansion and limited excess to Indian market and treating them on par with domestic banks to the extent appropriate. 2. Listing of foreign banks: -After completion of the proposed year of operation in India, WOS of foreign banks will be allowed to list and dilute the stake in the manner that at least  of 26% of the paid-up capital remains with the resident Indian. . Mergers and acquisitions: -After a review is made with regard to the extent of  penetration of foreign investment in Indian banks and functioning of foreign banks, foreign banks may be permitted, subject to regulatory approvals and such conditions as may be prescribed, to enter into merger and acquisition transactions with any private sector bank  in India, subject to the overall investment limit of 74 per cent. Adoption of Banking Technology The IT revolution had a great impact in the Indian banking system.The use of computers had led to introduction of online banking in India. The use of the modern innovation and computerisation of the banking sector of India has increased many fold after the economic liberalisation of 1991 as the country's banking sector has been exposed to the world's market. The Indian banks were finding it difficult to compete with the international banks in terms of the customer service without the use of the information technology and computers.The RBI in 1984 formed Committee on Mechanisation in the Banking Industry (1984) whose chairman was Dr C Rangarajan, Deputy Gove rnor, Reserve Bank of India. The major recommendations of this committee were introducing MICR Technology in all the banks in the metropolis in India . This provided use of standardized cheque forms and encoders. In 1988, the RBI set up Committee on Computerisation in Banks (1988) headed by Dr. C. R.Rangarajan which emphasized that settlement operation must be computerized in the clearing houses of RBI in Bhubaneshwar, Guwahati, Jaipur, Patna and Thiruvananthapuram. It further stated that there should be National Clearing of inter-city cheques at Kolkata, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai and MICR should be made Operational. It also focused on computerisation of branches and increasing connectivity among branches through computers. It also suggested modalities for implementing on-line banking.The committee submitted its reports in 1989 and computerisation began form 1993 with the settlement between IBA and bank employees' association. In 1994, Committee on Technology Issues relating to Payment s System, Cheque Clearing and Securities Settlement in the Banking Industry (1994) was set up with chairman Shri WS Saraf, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India. It emphasized on Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) system, with the BANKNET communications network as its carrier. It also said that MICR clearing should be set up in all branches of all banks with more than 100 branches.Committee for proposing Legislation On Electronic Funds Transfer and other Electronic Payments (1995) emphasized on EFT system. Electronic banking refers to DOING BANKING by using technologies like computers, internet and networking, MICR, EFT so as to increase efficiency, quick service, productivity and transparency in the transaction. Apart from the above mentioned innovations the banks have been selling the third party products like Mutual Funds, insurances to its clients. Total numbers of ATMs installed in India by various banks as on end March 2005 is 17,642).The New Private Sector Banks in India is having the largest numbers of ATMs which is fol off site ATM is highest for the SBI and its subsidiaries and then it is followed by New Private Banks, Nationalised banks and Foreign banks. While on site is highest for the Nationalised banks of India. The below graphical representation shows Number of branches in India [pic] Figure 2:1 No. Branches in India . History of other banks in India (includes Nationalised Banks, Private Banks and Foreign Banks) | No. Year |Period |Characterized by | |1 |1840 to 1947 |Pre Independence |Small size, less regulated and bank  failures | |2 |1947 to 1969 |Post Independence to |Slower growth, private sector dominance and start of | | | |Nationalisation |regulation | |3 |1969 to1991 |Nationalisation to Liberalisation|Nationalised of banks by government, high regulation, | | | | |secular growth in business and expansion & rising | | | | |inefficiencies | |4 |1991 to 2010 |Liberalisation to current  date |De-regulation, entry of private and foreig n banks and | | | | |technological advancement | Table 2:2 History of Banks in IndiaArguments of government for nationalisation were as follows: Before the nationalisation, the privately-owned banks were operating on the criteria of profit maximisation and lesser emphasis was placed on the development of rural areas. Credit and deposits base was confined to large corporate and wealthy depositors. The nationalised banking set-up would vigorously pursue expansion programmes to cover rural areas, smaller towns and lower income groups. To pay special attention to inter-sectoral balances and balanced regional development. To take away the stranglehold of the few industrial houses on credit and reduce their control over the community's resources. Ensure stability in the functioning of the credit institutions and inspire more confidence among the depositors.Encourage healthy competition between large and small industrial houses. Insummary, the following are the steps taken by the Governmen t of India to regulate thebanking institutions in the country: 1949: Enactment of Banking Regulation Act. 1955: Nationalization of SBI. 1959: Nationalization of SBI subsidiaries. 1961: Insurance cover extended to deposits. 1969: Nationalization of 14 major banks. 1971: Creation of credit guarantee corporation. 1975: Creation of regional rural banks. 1980: Nationalization of seven banks with deposits over Rs. 200 crores. These are the list of banking currently operating in India: State Bank of Mysore State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur State Bank of HyderabadState Bank of Patiala State Bank of Travancore State Bank of Indore Nationalised Banks Allahabad Bank Indian Bank Andhra Bank Indian Overseas Bank Bank of Baroda Oriental Bank of Commerce Bank of India Punjab National Bank Bank of Maharashtra Punjab & Sind Bank Canara Bank Syndicate Bank Central Bank of India Union Bank of India Corporation Bank United Bank of India Dena Bank 19. UCO Bank IDBI Bank Ltd. Vijaya Bank Private Sector Ba nks Axis Bank Jammu & Kashmir Ban Bank Of Rajasthan Karnataka Bank Catholic Syrian Bank Karur Vysya Bank City Union Bank Kotak Mahindra Bank Development Credit Bank Lakshmi Vilas Bank Dhanalakshmi Bank Nainital Bank Federal BankRatnakar Bank HDFC Bank SBI Commercial & International ICICI Bank South Indian Bank South Indian Bank IndusInd Bank Tamilnad MercantileBank Tamilnad Mercantile Bank ING Vysya Bank Yes Bank Yes Bank Foreign Banks ABN AMRO Bank DBS Bank 2. Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank Deutsche Bank Antwerp Diamond Bank HSBC Arab Bangladesh Bank JP Morgan Chase Bank Bank Of America Krung Thai Bank Bank Of Bahrain & Kuwait Mashreq Bank Bank Of Ceylon Mizuho Corporate Bank Bank Of Nova Scotia Oman International Bank Bank Of Tokyo-Mitsubishi- UFI Shinhan Bank Barclays Bank Societe Generale BNP Paribas Sonali Bank Calyon Bank Standard Chartered Bank Chinatrust Commercial BankState Bank of Mauri Objectives of the Study 1) To know the organisational structure of the SBM 2) To have the pr actical exposure to Organisational function as compared to theoretical concepts 3) To know the product and service offered by SBM at Kaval Byrasandra branch, Bangalore 4) To know its growth strategy and potential 5) To study the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of the organisation to carry out swot analysis. Profile of State Bank of Mysore [pic] Chapter -3 [pic] State Bank of Mysore State Bank of Mysore was established on 2nd October 1913 as â€Å"Bank of Mysore Ltd†. under the royal patronage of the Maharaja of Mysore, erstwhile Govt. f Mysore, on the recommendations of the Banking Committee headed by the great Engineer-Statesman,Bhara Late Dr. Sir M. Vishweswaraiah . Subsequently, in March 1960, the Bank became an Associate of State Bank of India. State Bank of India holds 92. 33% of shares. The Bank's shares are listed in Bangalore, Chennai, and Mumbai stock exchanges. As an associate Bank, State Bank of Mysore has a team of employees with a management. This B ank has 737 branches (as on 31. 03. 2012) and 10249 employees. The Bank has regional officesin, Bengaluru, Mysore, Mangalore, Mandya, Hassan, Shimoga, Devanagari, Bellary, Tumkur, Kolar, Chennai, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, Mumbai and New Delhi. About State Bank of Myore | | |Date of Establishment |1913 | | | | |Revenue |( USD in Millions ) | | | | |Market Cap |21775. 942287 ( Rs. in Millions ) | | | | |Corporate Address |KG Road,PBNo 9727,Bengaluru-560009, Karnataka (www. statebankofmysore. co. n) | | | | | | | |Business Operation |Bank – Public | |Background |State Bank of Mysore was established in 1913 as Bank of Mysore under the | | |patronage of the erstwhile  government of Mysore, at the instance of the banking| | |committee headed by the great Engineer-Statesman, Late Dr Sir M Visvesvaraya. | | |Subsequently, in March 1960, the bank became an Associate of State Bank of | | |India. State Bank of India holds 92. 33% of shares. The bank's shares are listed| | |i n Bangalore, Chen | |Financials |Total Income – Rs. 55948. 247 Million ( year ending Mar  2012) | | |Net Profit – Rs.Million ( year ending Mar  2012) | | | | |Company Secretary |G Soundarajan | | | | |Bankers Auditors |HS Ahuja & Co, Dhawan & Co, LK Kejrswal & Co, SK Basu & Co, PKKG | | |Balasubramaniam & Associates, Bhasin Raghavan & Co, BL Ajmera & Co, MKPS & | | |Associates, SK Basu & Co, Maharaj N R Suresh & Co | Management Committee of the Bank |Managing Director | |+91 80 22251855 | | |Mr.Sharad Sharma |+91 80 22353480 Fax 080 | | | |22254753 | | Chief General Manager | |+91 80 22251570 | | |Ms. Hamsini Menon |Fax 080 22350563 | | |   | | |Chief General Manager |Mr.KalyanMukherjee | | |General Manager  (Operations) & Corporate Development Officer |Mr  Bibhupada Nanda |+91 80 22353487 | | | |Fax 080 22353478 | |General Manager Executive  (Agriculture & MSME) |Mr K Lakshmisha |+91 80 22257149 | | | | | | | |Fax 080 22353494 | |General M anager & Group Executive(Corporate Banking) |Mr.SaswataChaudhuri |+91 80 22353471 | | | |Fax 080 22355978 | |General Manager (Treasury and Finance & Accounts) & Group |Sri Viswanathan V |+91 80 22257149 | |Executive(Government Business) | |Fax 080 22353494 | |General Manager (Technology Management) & Group Executive |MrV Pattabhiraman |+91 80 22352591 | |(Personal Banking) | |Fax 080 22356472 | |General Manager – Risk Management and Credit Policy and Procedures |Mr  ParthasarathyN | | |General Manager & Chief Vigilance Officer |Mr Vijay Dube |+91 80 22255617 | | |   |Fax 080 22350562 | State Bank of Mysore Organizational Structure Figure 3:1 Sbm Organization Structure VISION: â€Å"Working for better tomorrow† MISSIONA premier commercial Bank in Karnataka, with all India presence, committed to provide consistently superior and personalised customer service backed by employee pride and will to excel, earn progressively high returns for its shareholders and be a r esponsible corporate citizen contributing to the well being of the society. POLICIES & PROCEDURES State Bank of Mysore: – FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES Power and duties of its officers and employees- All the officers have certain financial powers and administrative powers depending upon their positions. The delegation of financial powers of various grades of officials is decided by the Central Board which is revised from time to time, depending upon the organization’s requirement and also Government / RBI guidelines. The concerned sanctioning authority takes a decision to sanction a loan or otherwise on merits of each proposal.The procedure followed in the decision making process, including channels of supervision and accountability-There is a well defined system in the Bank regarding the decision making process. Financial decisions are taken at various levels by different officials depending upon their positions and also through committee approach. Centralized credit processin g cells are being formed at certain centres for sanction of personal segment loans and other loans. Branches will source the applications and forward them to the respective credit processing cells, for their consideration. Further, there is a well defined organisational structure and a clear system of accountability and control system, which also take into account the RBI / CVC guidelines. The norms set for discharge of its functionThe Bank functions with the following core values / norms ? Excellence in customer service ? Profit orientation ? Fairness in all dealing and relations ? Risk taking and innovation ? Integrity ? Transparency and discipline in policies and systems Regarding the core functions of the Bank i. e. accepting deposits and sanction of loans, the interest rates for deposits / advances and different deposit as well as loan products, are displayed in the Bank’s website and also made available at all the Branches. Regarding sanction of loans, each officer of t he Bank will consider loan proposals and take a decision in terms of the scheme of delegation of powers, on the merits of the proposals.All the officers of the Bank are expected to discharge their duties and responsibilities with integrity and due diligence. Public can also refer to the captions †Interest rates', ‘code of ethics' & ‘citizens charter' of the Bank's website for any further information. The rules and regulations, instructions, manuals and records held by the Bank/ used by its employees for discharging its functions. There are quite a number of documents like manuals, book of instructions, codified circulars, scheme of delegation of powers, proceedings of the board etc and also the periodical circulars used by the employees for discharging various functions. A statement of the categories of documents that are held by the Bank or under its control.These are mainly register of Shareholders/Record of the proceedings of the AGMs, Board Meetings and various Committee meetings, documents executed by customers/borrowers/guarantors, contracts with third parties etc. The particulars of any arrangement that exists for consultation with, or representation by, the members of the public in relation to the formulation of its policy or implementation thereof in SBM. As per the present arrangement, the Shareholders can raise issues concerning policies and in the Annual General Meetings which can relate to the policy of the Bank. Further, the Banks quarterly results and annual results / reports are published in the Bank’s website periodically for information of public as well as shareholders which would give an idea about the policies of the Bank and implementation thereof.Further, the Central Board the apex management body of the Bank is constituted with members who are leaders from different interest groups and professions such as Industrialists, Bankers from Apex Institutions, Chartered Accountants, Economists and Workmen representative s. Public can also refer to the captions financial results / consolidated financial statement / annual report / shareholders information of the Bank's website, for further information. Bank has appointed various committees for different purposes. Following are some of the important Committees managing the key affairs of the Bank a)Risk Management Committee b)Credit Risk Management committee c)Asset Liability Management committee d)Operational Risk Management committee e)Audit Committee f)Central Management Committee g) Central as well as Local BoardsPublic are not entitled to participate on the above committee meetings and minutes are not accessible to public. Public can also refer to the caption Annual report for various committees more particularly the â€Å"corporate governance† link under the Annual report for more information about the committees. Achievements 1913 – The Bank was established as ‘Bank of Mysore Ltd. ‘, on the 19th May, & commenced its b usiness on the 2nd October 1913, under the patronage of His Highness the Maharaja of Mysore, with an authorised capital of Rs. 20. 00 Lakhs. 1953 – During the year, the Bank was appointed as an Agent of Reserve Bank of India to conduct Government business & treasury operations. 959 – With effect from the 10th September, the Bank was constituted as State Bank of Mysore as a Subsidiary of State Bank of India, under State Bank of India [Subsidiary Banks] Act, 1959 enacted through an Act of Parliament, [Act No. 38 of 1959s]. – The Bank has formulated schemes for [1] financing coffee planters/coffee traders against coffee curer’s certificate, [2] financing coffee traders, [3] coffee exporters & [4] coffee curers who also engage in trading. – State Bank of Mysore has various deposit schemes to cater to the requirements of its customers. – The Bank has also actively participated in all Government sponsored schemes and contributed its share of finan cial assistance or the economically weaker sections through DIR, IRDP, Prime Minister Rojgar Yojna & SUME schemes. The Bank has sponsored two Regional Rural Banks, Cauvery Grameena Bank & Kalpatharu Grameena Bank which have between them 202 branches for growth of agriculture & rural industries. – The Bank, as part of State Bank Group has been engaged in financing 551 since 1960 & introduced the concept of need based rather than security oriented finance & the Entrepreneur scheme under which technically qualified persons were financed the entire requirement up to Rs. 2 Lakhs. – The Bank has 3 specialised SSI branches to assist the SSI units & proposes to establish 3 more such 551 branches shortly. – The Bank has correspondent & agency arrangements all over the world & offers spot services in 18 major approved currencies. The Bank computerised dealing room is equipped with state-of-the-art information net-work for excellent services to the Bank customers. – The Bank also proposed to open 21 NRI service centres to specially cater to the requirements of NRI customers. – State Bank of Mysore handles a significant part of day-to-day Banking business of both the Central & State Governments in the State of Karnataka & is a Banker to various Public Sector Undertakings in various sectors of Economy. – The Bank has been actively participating in welfare Banking needs of public through its community services. – The Bank has set up social circles, a voluntary group of employees to conduct the community service activities, at various centres. The Bank is the proud recipient of Rolling Trophy from the Red Cross Society of Karnataka for 17 years in succession, till date, for having mobilised the maximum number of blood donors each year, among Banking Institutions. – The Bank has installed a Main Frame Computer in its Head Office which provides a useful information system to the Management & mini computers at the Zonal Of fices. – The Bank is a member of society for worldwide Inter Bank Financial Telecommunication [SWIFTs] which was established to offer cost effective & fast transmission of financial messages globally, 2 branches of Bank are presently covered under the scheme and an additional 15 branches are proposed to be covered under SWIFT shortly. 992 – The State Government has also taken up vigorously ‘ASHRAYA', a new housing scheme for weaker sections & ‘VISHWA', a new rural & cottage industry scheme. A new programme called ‘AKSHAYA' has also been launched to help the children in primary education. The Konkan Railway Project & the New Mangalore Port Project are also progressing satisfactorily. – The Bank has also been assisting Small Scale industries by offering technology & financial consultancy services to the units in its books, so as to enable them to overcome the problems of technological obsolescence, marketing, management etc. – The Bank has been given a special annual award by Karnataka Unit of Indian Red Cross Society for fourteenth time for having held the most number of voluntary blood donation camps. 994 – Several important measures have been introduced in the busy season credit policy of November 1993 & slack season credit policy of May 1994, announced by Reserve Bank of India. – The Bank extended rehabilitation finance to 54 such units during the year under review. – The Bank STREE SAKTHI PACKAGE designed exclusively for women continued to be implemented with full vigour. – The Bank also proposes to introduce Automated Teller Machines [ATMs] and Electronic Funds Transfer facility during the next year as a measure of offering state of art Banking services to its customers. 2000 – Mr. M. Sitarama Murty has been appoi nted as Managing Director, of Bank. – Crisil has reaffirmed the A+ & P1+ ratings assigned to the bond issue & the CD programme of Bank. 001 – State Ban k of Mysore has opened a foreign exchange cell at its hierarchically Industrial estate branch in Tumkur district to enable small-scale industrialists to manage their foreign exchange transactions. – The Bank has closed its issue of unsecured non-convertible debentures after raising the target of Rs 60 crore. 2002 – Enters the market with a coupon of 6. 4% per annum for its Tier-II capital bonds issue of Rs. 60cr on a private placement basis. – Slashes interest rate on domestic term deposits & on NRE deposits by 25-50 basis points. 2003 – Considers new method of appraisal for lending to the agricultural sector more on the lines of industrial credit given to trade & commerce. Declared a dividend of 40% on equity capital for year ended. – Ties up with HMT Ltd & launches SBM-HMT Agri Farm Scheme, to promote agricultural mechanisation in south India. – Maruti Udyog forges alliances with SBM to offer car finance. – Slashes floating home loa n rates & the new loan is as follows: maturities up to 5 five years, the rates would be 8 per cent, for maturities up to 10 years, the rates would be 8. 75 per cent on a floating rate basis & for above 10 years, 9. 25 per cent. The fixed rate housing loans remained unchanged. Farm lending rate up to Rs 50,000 was lowered to 9 per cent – Inaugurated two branches in Hyderabad. 004 – SBM joins hands with LTJD for tractor financing – State Bank of Mysore has informed that Shri M. Sitarama Murty, Managing Director of Bank retired from the services on December 31, 2003 on attaining super-annuation – Mr. Vijayanand assumes charges as Managing Director of Bank from 01/03/2004 -State Bank of Mysore has joined the Real Time Gross Settlement Systems [RTGSs] network that facilitates inter-Bank funds settlement on 22 July 2005 – SBM unveils new single window system 2006 – Mr P. P. Pattanayak has assumed charge as Managing Director of State Bank of Mysore . Mr Pattanayak was earlier Deputy Managing Director [DMDs] & Chief Credit Officer of State Bank of India, Mumbai. 2009 – The Comp. as splits its face value from Rs100/- to Rs10/-. The State Bank of Mysore has a dedicated workforce of 9926 employees consisting of 3179 supervisory staff, 6747 non-supervisory staff (as on 31 March 2011). The skill and competence of the employees have been kept updated to meet the requirements of customers keeping in view the changes in the Banking environment. State Bank of India is the nation's largest and oldest Bank. Tracing its roots back some 200 years to the British East India Company (and initially established as the Bank of Calcutta in 1806), the Bank operates more than 15,000 branches within India, where it also owns majority stakes in six associate Banks.State Bank of India (SBI) has more than 80 offices in nearly 35 other countries, including multiple locations in the US, Canada, and Nigeria. The Bank has other units devoted to capit al markets, fund management, factoring and commercial services, credit cards, and brokerage services. The Reserve Bank of India owns about 60% of State Bank of India. The roots of the State Bank of India rest in the first decade of 19th century, when the Bank of Calcutta, later renamed the Bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806. The Bank of Bengal and two other Presidency Banks, namely, the Bank of Bombay (incorporated on 15 April 1840) and the Bank of Madras (incorporated on 1 July 1843).All three Presidency Banks were incorporated as joint stock companies, and were the result of the royal charters. These three Banks received the exclusive right to issue paper currency in 1861 with the Paper Currency Act, a right they retained until the formation of the reserve Bank of India. The Presidency Banks amalgamated on 27 January 1921, and the reorganized Banking entity took as its name Imperial Bank of India. The Imperial Bank of India continued to remain a joint stock company. Pu rsuant to the provisions of the State Bank of India Act (1955), the Reserve Bank of India, which is India’s central Bank, acquired a controlling interest in the Imperial Bank of India.On 30 April 1955 the Imperial Bank of India became the State Bank of India. The Govt. of India recently acquired the Reserve Bank of India’s stake in SBI so as to remove any conflict of interest because the RBI is the country’s Banking regulatory authority. In 1959 the Government passed the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, enabling the State Bank of India to take over eight former State-associated Banks as its subsidiaries. On Sept 13, 2008, State Bank of Saurashtra, one of its Associate Banks, merged with State Bank of India. SBI has acquired local Banks in rescues. For instance, in 1985, it acquired Bank of Cochin in Kerala, which had 120 branches.SBI was the acquirer as its affiliate, State Bank of Travancore, already had an extensive network in Kerala. SBI provides a range of Banking products through its vast network in India and overseas, including products aimed at NRIs. The State Bank Group, with over 16000 branches, has the largest branch network in India. With an asset base of $250 billion and $195 billion in deposits, it is a regional Banking behemoth. It has a market share among Indian commercial Banks of about 20% in deposits and advances, and SBI accounts for almost one-fifth of the nation’s loans. SBI has tried to reduce its over-staffing through computerizing operations and Golden handshake schemes that led to a flight of its best and brightest managers.These managers took the retirement allowances and then went on the becoming senior managers at new private sector Banks. The State Bank of India is 29th most reputable company in the world according to Forbes. Associate Banks:-The Subsidiaries of SBI till date *State Bank of Indore *State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur *State Bank of Mysore *State Bank of Hyderabad *State Bank of Pat iala * State Bank of Travancore Company pictures [pic] State Bank of Mysore [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED State Bank of Mysore offers its products and services in domains like †¢ Personal Banking. †¢ NRI Services. †¢ Agriculture. †¢ International. †¢ Corporate. †¢ SME. †¢ Domestic Treasury. (i) Personal Banking | |Current Accounts | |Savings Bank | |Savings Plus | |Term Deposits | |Reinvestment Plan | |Multi Option Deposits | |Recurring Deposits | |Public Provident Fund Scheme |Housing Loans | |Car Loans | |Education Loans | |Consumer Durables Loans | |Personal Loans | |Loans to Pensioners | |Gold Loans | |Demand Loans on Term Deposits | |Demand Loans against Govt.Securities | |(ii) NRI Banking | |Foreign Currency Non Resident (Bank Scheme) Deposit | |Non Repatriable Rupee Deposits (NRNR) | |Non Resident (External) Rupee Deposit Accounts (NRE) | |Resident Foreign Currency Deposit Accounts (RFC) | |Ordinary Non Reside nt Rupee Accounts (NRO) | |Non Resident Special Rupee Accounts | |Housing Finance for NRIs | |(iii) Small Business Finance | |Retail Trade | |Professionals and Self Employed | |Business Enterprises | |Transport Operators | |(iv) Agriculture Finance | |Agricultural Crop Loans | |Agricultural Gold Loans |Produce Marketing Schemes | |Agricultural Term Loans | |Land Development Schemes | |Minor Irrigation Schemes | |Farm Mechanizations Schemes | |Kisan Credit Cards | |(v) Government Business | |State Govt. | |Central Govt. |CBEC | |CBDT | |Defence | |Posts | |Telecom | |Central Civil Pensions | |Defence Pensions | |Telecom Pensions | |State Govt.Pensions | |PSU Retiring Employees Scheme | |(vi)Other Services | |Safe Deposit Lockers | |Safe Custody | |(vii) Miscellaneous Business | |Demand Drafts | |Remittance Facilities (with Associate Banks) | |Remittance Facilities (with RBI & Govt. ) | |Collections (Cheques) |RTGS/NEFT | |Collections (Bills) | |Demand Draft Purchases ( Cheques) | |Demand Draft Purchases (Bills) | RATES OF INTEREST WITH EFFECT FROM 4th May   2012. |PERIOD |RATE OF INTEREST (%) | | |Up to  Rs. 15 lacs |Above Rs. 15. acs | |7 Days to 14 days |—— |8. 50 | |15 days to 45 days |6. 25 |8. 50 | |46 days to 90   days |6. 50 |8. 50 | |91 days to 179 days |8. 00 |8. 50 | |180 days to 299 days |8. 50 |8. 0 | |300 days |8. 50 |8. 50 | |301 days to less than 1 year |8. 50 |8. 50 | |1 year to less than 500 days |9. 25 |9. 25 | |500 days |9. 25 |9. 25 | |501 days to less than 2 years |9. 25 |9. 5 | |2 years to less than 909 days |9. 25 |9. 25 | |909 days |9. 25 |9. 25 | |910 days to less than 3 years |9. 25 |9. 25 | |3 years to less than 5 years |9. 25 |9. 25 | |5 years and above |9. 25 |9. 25 | Table 3:1 Interest Rate Interest Rates on Personal Segment Advances   | |Housing Loans (w. e. f. 01. 11. 2011) | |NAME OF THE SCHEME |Rate Of Interest | | |(Base Rate 10. 50%p. a) | |   |11Upto Rs 25 Lacs | |HOUSING L OAN |Upto 20 Years |BR+0. 75 |. 5% | |   |Above 20 to inclusive of 25 |BR+1. 00 |11. 50% | | |years | | | | |Above Rs 25 lacs upto Rs 30 Lacs | | |Upto 20 Years |BR+0. 75 |11. 25% | | |Above 20 to inclusive of 25 |BR+1. 00 |11. 0% | | |years | | | |